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An Attack on Democracy, From Racial Voter Suppression to Invalidating Elections Altogether_我的网站
一 | 沧州有一家订单式工厂，为不同路况精准研发不同配方的沥青。8月20日，在黄骅市港城产业园区的伦特化工集团有限公司沥青材料研究院内，研究院主任崔世媛正带领科研人员，对一款黑色沥青样本进行配方优化实验。
二 | “这款沥青是我们历时3年时间，经过上百次配比试验研发出来的。
In 1963, just as Martin Luther King Jr. and the other “Big Six” civil rights leaders were in the final stages of planning the March on Washington, my mother, Sybil Haydel Morial, incorporated the Louisiana League of Good Government, a nonprofit created to help African Americans overcome deterrents to voting such as literacy tests.
She’d been banned from joining the Louisiana branch of the League of Women Voters because of her race. “That shut door was an epiphany for me,” she wrote in her memoir, “Witness to Change: From Jim Crow to Political Empowerment.” Rather than be deterred, she devoted herself to preparing Black New Orleanians for Louisiana’s nearly-impossible literacy test.
Registrars – who were all white – had wide latitude in determining who passed or failed such tests, and they used their authority to fail most Black applicants, thereby keeping them from voting. Ironically, one of the tests required applicants to read the preamble of the U.S. Constitution, intended to “establish Justice” and “secure the Blessings of Liberty,” in the words of the Founding Fathers who authored them nearly two centuries earlier.
But in Louisiana, in 1963, justice and liberty still were reserved mostly for white people.
On the very day that civil rights activist Medgar Evers was gunned down in his own driveway in Jackson, Mississippi, in June of 1963, my mother picked up the phone to hear, “Morial is going to get what that [racial slur] in Mississippi got.” We had been receiving threatening calls ever since my father, Ernest “Dutch” Morial,” had assumed the presidency of the NAACP in New Orleans (and later the first Black mayor of the city). But after that threatening phone call, my parents took extra precautions: My father would blast his car horn when he pulled up to the house each night, and my mother would flash the carport light several times, all to scare off would-be assassins.
The voting rights struggle of my parents’ generation was a steep uphill climb, but as the years went by, they saw barrier after barrier fall, from the 1954 Brown v. Board of Education decision (where the Supreme Court ruled that racial segregation in public schools was unconstitutional) to the Civil Rights Act to the Voting Rights Act of 1965 to the Fair Housing Act of 1968. Now, 60 years after the March on Washington, we are seeing many of those same barriers – and new ones – rise up once again.
My parents fought Jim Crow, who used bogus literacy tests and threats of violence to keep Black Americans from the voting booth.
By the time I assumed leadership of the National Urban League in 2003, our adversary was James Crow, Esq., who used racial gerrymandering to dilute the political voices of Black Americans.
Today, we are battling Jimmy Crow, who wants to disregard the results of elections entirely.
The current assault on voting rights is a direct response to the rising influence of the Black vote since the passage of the Voting Rights Act of 1965. As we noted in last year’s State of Black America report, which was subtitled “Under Siege: The Plot to Destroy Democracy,” an anti-democracy wave began to rise after record-high Black voting rates in 2008 and crested with the Supreme Court’s 2013 decision in Shelby County v. Holder to gut the Voting Rights Act. Now, that wave has broken against “The Big Lie,” the relentless campaign to invalidate the free, fair and validated results of the 2020 election. Those who marched in 1963 were fighting for their right to participate in democracy. Those who attacked the Capitol on Jan. 6, 2021, were fighting to obliterate democracy.
So far, in 2023 alone, state lawmakers have introduced at least 323 bills to restrict the vote in 45 states. At least 13 of these bills, in 11 states, have passed into law. Even more alarming is the rise of election interference legislation, which would allow partisan interference in the election process. At least 78 bills have been introduced this year in 20 states that would make it easier to, for example, criminally prosecute election officials for simply doing their jobs, set up bogus partisan “review” procedures, or prohibit the use of machines to count ballots for any election. At least four states already have passed such laws.
The campaign to exclude Black Americans from the democratic process is gradually being supplanted with a campaign to eliminate the democratic process altogether.
Earlier this summer, with its decision in Moore v. Harper, the U.S. Supreme Court rejected the “independent state legislature theory” that extremists have pushed in order to give state legislatures free rein to gerrymander electoral maps and suppress voters of color – and to give cover to their sinister efforts to overturn elections.
Still, the court’s decision is unlikely to deter these extremists, who are intent on returning a man to the White House who faces numerous indictments for attempting to invalidate the results of the 2020 election. If those forces succeed, the two-century moral arc that has bent slowly, if unevenly, toward universal suffrage could come to an end.
。”崔世媛说，通过精准配比，能让沥青分子内部构建起稳固的三维化学交联网络，相当于给沥青分子“搭起骨架”，从根本上解决性能不稳定的问题。
三 | 相比传统材料，其高温抗车辙力提升50%、低温抗裂性提高20%、路面使用寿命延长30%。去年9月，这款自主研发的沥青一走出实验室，就被大规模应用在沧州市沧乐分线道路施工中。沧乐分线上通行的大型运输车占比超六成，长期的重载碾压让路面病害频发。“使用这款沥青，不仅能解决重载路段夏天软塌顽疾，还能减少冬季路面裂缝。”崔世媛介绍。
四 | “作为传统沥青生产企业，要想实现持续发展，必须依靠创新突围。”该公司副总经理王新亮说，伦特化工集团每年将销售收入10%以上资金投入研发，紧跟国内公路建设及养护技术发展趋势，研究沥青新工艺、新材料。
五 | 为推动科技创新和产业创新深度融合，他们联合交通运输部公路科学研究院、上海交通大学、同济大学等多家院校，成立沥青材料研究院，在沥青材料改性技术、高效生产工艺、智能化公路养护设备等方面发力，打通产学研用创新链条。目前，研究院已获得50余项国家专利。
六 | 走进该公司展厅，如同进入一个“沥青超市”。多种沥青样本盛在玻璃瓶中，有的乌黑厚重，有的色彩亮丽；有的放在冰柜里，可耐受零下四十摄氏度低温；有的浸泡在水箱里，适配排水路面施工需求……该公司60多种沥青产品中，有不少是自主研发的高粘改性沥青、赛道专用沥青、温拌沥青等特种沥青。“针对高温重载、高寒冻土、专业赛事等不同路面需求，我们可以实现‘一路一配方’的定制化生产。”王新亮介绍。
七 | 在生产车间，生产线有序运转，改性剂上料机器人在一旁供料。“上料机器人可将投料计量误差控制在0.3%以内。”王新亮说，以前，人工拆袋、搬运、投料，需要3至4名工人连续作业，现在，车间内仅需一名工作人员巡回值守。满产状态下，全年产能达90万吨。
八 | “我们将锚定基础设施领域一站式综合解决方案提供商的目标，不断研发具有自主知识产权的特种沥青产品，积极探索低碳、环保发展模式。
九 | ”王新亮表示。
十 | （乔宾娟）。
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